How to Walk on Water Science Experiment and Recipe

Have you ever tried to walk on water? Chances are, you were unsuccessful (and no, ice skating doesnt really count). Why did you fail? Your density is much higher than that of water, so you sank. Yet, other organisms can walk on water. If you apply a bit of science, you can too. This is a terrific science project for kids of all ages. Materials to Walk on Water 100 boxes cornstarch10 gallons of watersmall plastic kiddie pool (or large plastic tub) What You Do Go outside. Technically, you could perform this project in your bathtub, but theres an excellent chance youd clog your pipes. Plus, this project gets messy fast.Pour the corn starch into the pool.Add the water. Mix it in and experiment with your water. Its a good opportunity to experience what its like to get stuck in quicksand (without the danger).When youre done, you can allow the cornstarch to settle to the bottom of the pool, scoop it out, and throw it away. You can hose everyone off  with water. How It Works If you trudge slowly across the water, youll sink, yet if you walk briskly or run, you stay on top of the water. If you walk across the water and stop, youll sink. If you try to yank your foot out of the water, it will get stuck, yet if you pull it out slowly, youll escape. What is happening? Youve essentially made homemade quicksand or a giant pool of oobleck. Corn starch in water displays interesting properties. Under some conditions, it behaves as a liquid, while under other conditions, it acts as a solid. If you punch the mixture, it will be like hitting a wall, yet you can sink your hand or body into it like water. If you squeeze it, it feels firm, yet when you release the pressure, the fluid flows through your fingers. A Newtonian fluid is one which maintains constant viscosity. Corn starch in water is a non-Newtonian fluid because its viscosity changes according to pressure or agitation.  When you apply pressure to the mixture, you increase the viscosity, making it seem harder. Under lower pressure, the fluid is less viscous and flows more readily. Corn starch in water is a shear thickening fluid or dilatant fluid. The opposite effect is seen with another common non-Newtonian fluid — ketchup. The viscosity of ketchup is reduced when it is disturbed, which is why its easier to pour ketchup out of a bottle after you shake it up.

A Case Plan For Children And Families Essay - 1452 Words

According to the Administration for Children Families (2014) case plans are formed by child protection staff and families who work together to identify goals for the family (Laracuente, 2016). A case plan is a written text that explains why the child is considered to be in need of protection, it provides a lucid statement of the functions and responsibilities of all participants in addressing the child s care and security needs (Laracuente, 2016). Furthermore, a case plan must also include stipulations that address the child’s developmental needs and assist them to gain the skills and sense of well-being that will allow them to realize their ability (McBain, Sedky, Kjerulf, 2010). All activities, discussions, and contact with the child and family will be guided by the case plan while it is in effect (McBain, Sedky, Kjerulf, 2010). Case planning is a method used to provide services that identify needs, sets goals and determines the importance of actions that are to be taken by a client or the social service worker. Case planning can, therefore; be described as the process of assessment, organizing, and advocacy for options and services to meet an individual’s needs through communication and available resources (McBain, Sedky, Kjerulf, 2010).Often the goals of the case planning focus on maximizing children s safety and diminishing their risk of harming the purpose of the ongoing intervention, outcomes, and actions required to achieve the goals (Laracuente, 2016). 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The family charges were based on inappropriate living environment and resulted to tempo rary losing custody on Arthur and Jennifer, however Collin remain in protected custody from the results of illness. After the return of Arthur and Jennifer, the children have displayed defiant behavior including constantlyRead MoreChallenges Faced By The Child Welfare System Essay1307 Words   |  6 Pageschallenges which directly impact the well-being of children and their families and the child welfare system. Many of the challenges faced are the results of major societal problems including the high rates of child poverty, family violence, unemployment, substance abuse and racism. These factors have contributed to expanding caseloads, difficulties in recruiting and keeping staff and foster families and the disproportionate representation of children and families of color. The system must acknowledge theseRead MoreSupport Of Family Reunification As A Primary Outcome For Children1473 Words   |  6 Pagesrecent years, there has been much support for family reunification as a prima ry outcome for children in foster care providing them a better alternative than aging out of the foster care system. Some of the reasons in support of family reunification include that children do best when raised in a stable family setting, preventing multiple placements increases safety, permanency and well-being, there are cost benefits in reduction in the number of children in care, and states can avoid funding sanctionsRead MoreThe Roles Of The Social Worker1746 Words   |  7 Pagesrole of the social worker in context of children in need of safeguarding and protection. This assignment will address theory, law and statutory guidelines of practice when protecting and safeguarding very vulnerable children and young people. 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The Contrast of Virginia Woolf and Alice Walker Essay Example For Students

The Contrast of Virginia Woolf and Alice Walker Essay After reading the four essays assigned to this sequence, it becomes interesting to contrast two authors points of view on the same subject. Reading one professional writers rewriting of a portion of another professional writers essay brings out many of each of their characteristics and views. Also, the difference in writing styles could be drastic, or slight. Nevertheless, the writers display how versatile the English language can be. Alice Walker was born in 1944 as a farm girl in Georgia. Virginia Woolf was born in London in1882. They have both come to be highly recognized writers of their time, and they oth have rather large portfolios of work. The scenes the might have grown up seeing and living through may have greatly influenced their views of subjects which they both seem to write about. In her essay In Search of Our Mothers Gardens, Alice Walker speaks first about the untouchable faith of the black women of the post-Reconstruction South. She speaks highly of the faith and undying hope of these women and their families. She even comes to recognize them as saints as she describes their faith as so intense, deep, unconscious, the they themselves were unaware of the richness they held (Walker 94). In a passage in which she speaks about the treatment and social status of the women of the sixteenth century, Woolf explains that a woman who might have had a truly great gift in this time would have surely gone crazy, shot herself, or ended up in some lonely cottage on the outside of town, half witch, half wizard, feared and mocked (Woolf 749). Her use of some of these powerful nominative shows that she feels strongly about what she is writing. Also for her, life growing up and stories she may have heard may have influenced this passage greatly. In her passage she imagines hat it may have been like had William Shakespeare had a sister. She notices how difficult it would be even given the same talents as Shakespeare himself, to follow throughout and utilize them in her life. It is clear after reading further into Woolfs passage that obviously she lived in a different time period, only about fifty years apart though. The way she relates and tells a very similar story with an entirely different setting shows without the reader even knowing that she was born in London as opposed to Walker who was born in the United States. This is evident in her vocabulary alone. Words such as the verb agog or nouns like stew or stockings are not as culturally accepted and used here in the United States. This plays a key role in the way they use contexts to tell stories and get the morals across. Walker, being born a farm girl in Georgia, uses the context of the racial deep South, and its affects on the lives of black women. Woolf, who was born in London, uses the context of William Shakespeare most likely because he is a native legend all over the United Kingdom. Also, what is interesting is the similarities of their grammatical writing styles. As Walker describes the women of the post-Reconstruction South, she uses many literary devices. One abnormally short paragraph, Our mothers and grandmothers, some of them moving to music not yet written. And they waited (Walker 695), which seems very incorrect as far as grammar is concerned, leaves me as a reader puzzled at why she writes this paragraph so isolated. It has some meaning to it without a doubt. Moving to music not yet written is a powerful way to stress how ahead of their time some of these women were. Although, I do not believe that this is a well-written paragraph, my perspective f grammar is far inferior to the writers so I really cannot judge anything but my opinion. Moreover, at the beginning of her essay, Walker begins with what I would most likely call some sort of a journal entry by a man named Jean Toomer. He describes the attitudes and actions he would witness as he walked through the South in this time. .u62cbc85cd8fc6e37f4d817a956d26360 , .u62cbc85cd8fc6e37f4d817a956d26360 .postImageUrl , .u62cbc85cd8fc6e37f4d817a956d26360 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u62cbc85cd8fc6e37f4d817a956d26360 , .u62cbc85cd8fc6e37f4d817a956d26360:hover , .u62cbc85cd8fc6e37f4d817a956d26360:visited , .u62cbc85cd8fc6e37f4d817a956d26360:active { border:0!important; } .u62cbc85cd8fc6e37f4d817a956d26360 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u62cbc85cd8fc6e37f4d817a956d26360 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u62cbc85cd8fc6e37f4d817a956d26360:active , .u62cbc85cd8fc6e37f4d817a956d26360:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u62cbc85cd8fc6e37f4d817a956d26360 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u62cbc85cd8fc6e37f4d817a956d26360 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u62cbc85cd8fc6e37f4d817a956d26360 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u62cbc85cd8fc6e37f4d817a956d26360 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u62cbc85cd8fc6e37f4d817a956d26360:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u62cbc85cd8fc6e37f4d817a956d26360 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u62cbc85cd8fc6e37f4d817a956d26360 .u62cbc85cd8fc6e37f4d817a956d26360-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u62cbc85cd8fc6e37f4d817a956d26360:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: 300 Movie EssayShe builds much of her argument and ideas of the women from many of the statements Toomer makes. Toomer thinks he is realizing the beginning of such strong black spirituality and all the arts which will spawn from it. Walker uses many metaphoric deas such as statements like these, in which she describes the women and their lifestyles: These crazy Saints stared out at the world, wildly, like lunatics or quietly, like suicides; and the God that was in their gaze was as mute as a great stone (Walker 695). She used powerful similes like mute as a great stone, or stared wildly, like lunatics or quietly, like suicides. These characteristics of Walkers writing can be compared to Woolfs rewriting of the same idea in A Room of Ones Own. In chapter three of her essay, which is not fully entered into he text, Woolf carries the same principles into her own context and setting. The fictional story of Shakespeares sister is interesting, inquisitive, and emotional. The struggles of women of this time are the focus of the story. In Woolfs story, it is said that had William Shakespeare had a sister, she perhaps would have been just as gifted, but far from just as accomplished. The struggles she would have been up against would have easily held her down to a point of a depressing stalemate. Woolfs writing style is similar but also different from that of Walker. She describes the sister as just s imaginative, adventurous, and agog to see the would as her brother was. She has a strong vocabulary and can grip the reader with strong emotions. Woolf lacks this perfected ability of description the Walker possesses. Alice Walker uses these literary devices ingeniously. Woolf also uses some of what would be called improper writing as she will cut off thoughts and continue them without proper grammar. For example, notice the jump of thoughts in this sentence. She picked up a book now and then. But then her parents came in and told her to mind the stew and not moon about ith books and papers. (Woolf 749). This pause of periods cuts the thought off and then picks it up again for no apparent reason I can notice. Another broken sentence such as the following does not hide flaws very well. What is true. , so it seemed to me reviewing the story of Shakespeares sister as I had made it, is that any woman born with a great gift in the sixteenth century would certainly have gone crazed, shot herself, or ended her days in some lonely cottage outside the village. (Woolf 749) This statement also seems to have an unnecessary pause also. Whether this style that Virginia Woolf uses is correct or not, it is powerful and it pauses the reader and , most importantly, helps the reader think in exactly the same manner as she was when she wrote it. The pauses she experienced in her thoughts when she wrote the story about the story about the writers sister are simulated and relived when the reader crosses them. Both writers do a fine job of stressing the morals in their writing. The reader can, in Walkers essay, put himself in the first person and imagine the South very easily because of how descriptive she is in her narration. The reader of Woolfs essay clearly can understand and come to realize the unfairness and downright cruelty of the pure neglect of hidden talent among many women throughout time. She does this through simply telling a good story. This perhaps show that Virginia Woolf may have been fond of Walkers work. Woolf chooses to clearly state and agree with the same points Walker makes and shows the ideas in a different light because indeed she is a different person with different attributes. This shows up dominantly in her rewriting of Walkers In Search of Our Mothers Gardens.

The Warning Effects of Catastrophe Narratives

Introduction Many people wonder whether or not catastrophe narratives are useful in alerting the public to the possibility of environmental destructions. An effective presentation has a number of characteristics.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Warning Effects of Catastrophe Narratives specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More Such narratives are usually wrought with grim visualizations in relation to the future of humanity. They depict the consequences of natural calamity on human beings. They are perpetual given the fact that perceptions of various natural hazards as catastrophes are part of humanity. Reports regarding natural disasters are rife in modern society. Such narratives take different forms. For instance, such issues as economic collapse and depression, as well as global warming, are common features in these depictions. Other issues, such as nuclear war, massive tsunamis, and a myriad of natural disasters paint present day and future catastrophes. Textual sources going back as early as the nineteenth century seek to present catastrophic events through extensive utilization of stylistic and other language elements. For instance, religious writings are very effective in the illustration of wars and other disastrous events. Consequently, it appears that catastrophic narratives inform the public about the likelihood of environmental destructions in the future. For instance, some of these presentations highlight environmental destruction through locust invasions. In other instances, floods are used to depict the wrath of God. They are also used to illustrate critical and extensive climatic changes. In this paper, the author analyzes the usefulness of catastrophe narratives as far as alerting the public about the possibilities of environmental destructions is concerned. The various features of a particularly effective narrative are highlighted. Two texts and two movies are used in this ana lysis. The Warning Effects of Disaster Narratives in the Context of Selected Texts Overview Artificial and artistic hyperbolism is common in various disaster texts, especially those found in humanistic literature. One can only approximate the actual level of imagination and composition in these narratives. The situation is especially true if the events described in the presentations are comparable to actual happenings in the contemporary world (Rich 21).Advertising Looking for essay on american literature? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More In addition, most of these accounts communicate some form of warning to the target audience. In most cases, a high percentage of these catastrophe narratives paint grim images of possible and impending environmental disasters. The events depicted in the texts take into account the sensitive nature of the environment. Basically, disaster illustrations are either fictional or factual. To this en d, they are similar to other forms of narratives in the literary world. However, unlike in conventional accounts, events in catastrophe narratives leave major mental imprints on readers or film watchers (Rich 21). There are similarities between factual and fictional narratives. One of these parallels entails the function of the text. The peculiar relationship between time and history is usually put under the limelight. The development leaves the target audience wondering about the actual occurrence of these events. â€Å"Odds against Tomorrow† as a Catastrophe Narrative The book is an example of a disaster text. It encourages the reader to imagine about the near future (Rich 45). The story revolves around Mitchell Zuckor. The major character is a Wall Street quantitative analyst (Rich 21). Zuckor is gifted with the unique ability of determining the likelihoods of worst-case-scenarios and catastrophic events befalling the New York City. He achieves this through the use of math ematical calculations. Some of the catastrophic events predicted include nuclear wars, earthquakes, human pandemics, tsunamis, financial meltdowns, and terrorist attacks (Rich 21). An outstanding characteristic that makes catastrophe narratives particularly effective in predicting future occurrences is timeliness. The feature is common in this novel. Although the narrative is a fiction, recent events in the world make the story a chilling account of the future. For example, one of the predictions made by Mitchell Zuckor is fulfilled when the city is brought down by a hurricane (Rich 78). The fictional typhoon has some similarities to the disastrous Hurricane Sandy. As such, in spite of the fact that Zuckor’s calculations are grounded on paranoia, it is obvious that they are enhanced by reality. Consequently, the narrative is effective in relation to the communication of environmental destructions. â€Å"Odds against Tomorrow† emphasizes the narrow line between order an d chaos in the contemporary society.Advertising We will write a custom essay sample on The Warning Effects of Catastrophe Narratives specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More A Catastrophic â€Å"The Day after Tomorrow† Just like â€Å"Odds against Tomorrow†, this movie revolves around the premise of an imminent environmental disaster. The theme, together with the sensitivity and timeliness of the situation, makes the narrative an effective means of alerting members of the public (The Day after Tomorrow). In essence, â€Å"The Day After Tomorrow† is a disaster movie. It depicts a situation where global warming triggers an ice age by altering ocean currents. A maverick Paleoclimatologist professor, Jack Hall, has developed a computer model that can predict the events. The simulation is used to warn the public about the impending catastrophe (The Day after Tomorrow). The film takes the artistic liberty of addressing rel evant and significant present day events that may result in environmental destruction (The Day after Tomorrow). The effectiveness of the catastrophe narrative stems from the fact that the film is based on both factual and fictitious accounts. Some of the illustrations appearing in the background to the film are both accurate and convincing. However, the depictions are likely to mislead viewers who lack a deep understanding of climate changes. According to the film, human beings are increasingly facilitating changes in the global climate. A number of human activities are posing grave danger to the environment. Consequently, the risks of unforeseen and abrupt environmental changes increase. There are disagreements between experts with regards to the prevailing climatic system. Ultimately, the film is an effective reminder of environmental destructions. It elicits interesting discussions on the future of humanity. Viewing Natural Disasters â€Å"Through the Arc of the Rainforest† The novel is a mixture of genres. However, messages about future catastrophes in relation to environmental degradation are discernible in the narrative. The events in the story unfold in Brazil. They revolve around the primary character, Kazumasa Ishimaru (Yamashita 17).Advertising Looking for essay on american literature? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Yamashita adopts a very unique style in writing the novel (19). The approach enhances the ability of the text to warn the public about future catastrophes. Such features include ‘emplotment’ and characterization. Some of the major themes addressed in â€Å"Through the Arc of the Rainforest† include migration, globalization, and economic imperialism. Other subjects entail environmental exploitation, techno-determinism, trans-nationalism, and socio-economic inequity. The characters in the novel are drawn from different communities. They originate from Brazil, Japan, and the United States (Yamashita 40). Discovery of the black substance, Matacao, leads to the convergence of people from various parts of the world. The fortune seekers meet at a place in the Brazilian rainforest (Yamashita 41). Subsequent activities in the forest lead to its destruction. The fate of the characters in the novel is tied to the rainforest. The story highlights the issue of environmental d egradation by developing characters that are common in every day contemporary society. The personalities reflect the existence of individuals in modern communities. Over-exploitation of the natural environment is depicted as having devastating outcomes for humanity. If the surrounding suffers, people are bound to be affected negatively in the long run. The readers can see themselves in the characters used in the story. Disaster in â€Å"Trouble the Water† â€Å"Trouble the Water† is a documentary film reflecting the struggles of a couple trying to survive a troubled past. In addition, the movie highlights, among others, occurrences in an abandoned community and a ‘failed’ levee (Trouble the Water). In the film, viewers are taken through the destructions caused by Hurricane Katrina. The story is told from the perspective of an aspiring rap artiste, Rivers Kimberly Roberts. Like the other catastrophe narratives reviewed in this paper, â€Å"Trouble the Wate r† warns the public about the issue of environmental destruction brought about by hurricanes. The point of view adopted by the characters is especially effective in communicating this message. For instance, Rivers turns to her faith when the waters appear to be destroying the community (Trouble the Water). Eventually, everybody seems to cling on ‘survival’ and hope. Ultimately, viewers are convinced that prevention of such situations is better than trying to deal with them when they occur. Conclusion Catastrophe narratives are efficient means of creating public awareness in relation to environmental destruction. The styles adopted by the various authors in delivering these messages, especially timeliness, enhance their effectiveness. The themes covered also inform the impacts these narratives have on the audience. Works Cited Rich, Nathaniel. Odds against Tomorrow, New York: Farrar, Straus, and Giroux, 2013. Print. The Day after Tomorrow. Ex. Prod. Roland Emmerich . Toronto and Montreal, Canada: Centropolis Entertainment. 2004. DVD. Trouble the Water. Ex. Prods. Tia Lessin and Carl Deal. Alexandria, Louisiana, USA: Elsewhere Films. 2008. DVD. Yamashita, Karen. Through the Arc of the Rain Forest. 3rd ed. 1990. Los Angeles, California: Coffee House Press. Print. This essay on The Warning Effects of Catastrophe Narratives was written and submitted by user Camren D. to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

Managing across culture Essays - Cross-cultural Psychology

Managing across culture Essays - Cross-cultural Psychology Managing across culture Final choice of location Group members: Introduction A place to start a new operation has been looking by a multinational Corporation (MNC) from the food & beverages industry. This MNC already has main operations in France, USA, India and New Zealand. To select the location of new operation, national cultural values, optimization of productivity, efficiency, market penetration and cultural value-added should be taking into account. Hofstedes model was used to analyze the cultural differences between the potential new locations (Brazil and South Africa) and the existing locations. 1.Hofstedes model analysis As seen from the bar chart (Appendix1.1) Brazil, South Africa, France, USA, India and New Zealand show many differences on each dimensions of Hofstedes model. 1.1 Power Distance Power distance is defined as the extent to which the less powerful members of institutions and organizations within a country expect and accept that power is distributed unequally. It has to do with the fact that a societys inequality is endorsed by the followers as much as by the leaders. In corporations, power distance can indicate the social distance between employees and employer. India achieved the highest score compared with 5 other countries which is 77. This was followed by Brazil and then France at 69 and 68 respectively. In contrast, New Zealand, USA, and South Africa scored 22, 40, and 49 which are quite low. Consequently, power distance is far in India, Brazil, and France, which reflect that inequalities amongst people are acceptable in these societies. In that countries, the privilege of supervisors to be considered as a problem of course which significantly contribute to the implementation of authority and those features clearly not helpful to build harmonious relations between employees and managers. (Laura M. Milner, Dale Fodness, 1993). 1.2 Individualism- collectivism The fundamental issue addressed by this dimension is the degree of interdependence a society maintains among its members. It has to do with whether peoples self-image is defined in terms of I or We. In Individualist societies people are only supposed to look after themselves and their direct family. In Collectivist societies, people belong to in groups that take care of them in exchange for unquestioning loyalty. Brazil and India gained low points in individualism dimension indicate that these societies are more collectivism, in which countries employee depend more on psychological contracts with the group. However, individual freedom and individual achievement are greatly important in the countries with high score on this dimension such as USA, New Zealand, France, and South Africa. The countries often consider encouragement and awareness of individual competitions. 1.3 Masculinity- femininity The masculinity societies will be driven by competition, achievement and success, with success being defined by the winner or best-in-the-field while in femininity countries, dominant values are caring for others and quality of life that is the sign of success and standing out from the crowd is not admirable. South Africa got highest mark on this dimension at 63, followed closely by USA with one lower, and then New Zealand and India (58, 56 respectively) . In these countries, behavior in work is based on the shared values that people should strive to be the best they can be and that the winner takes all. Also, people live in order to work, managers are expected to be decisive and assertive, the emphasis is on equity, competition and performance and conflicts are resolved by fighting them out. By contract, with a score of 43, France has a somewhat Feminine culture. At face value this may be indicated by its famous welfare system, the 35-hour working week, five weeks of holidays per ye ar and its focus on the quality of life. 1.4 Uncertainty avoidance This dimension is the extent to which the members of a culture feel threatened by ambiguous or unknown situations and have beliefs and institutions to try to avoid these. France and Brazil got high score on this dimension, which is 86 and 76 respectively, in those people are hard- working and supervisors tend to control employees strictly. However, in countries with low uncertainty avoidance, such as New Zealand (49), South Africa (49), USA (46),India (40), uncertainty in life can be accepted easier and people can accept more suggestion and critics. Furthermore, employees in the low uncertainty avoidance countries

Toltec Art, Sculpture and Architecture

Toltec Art, Sculpture and Architecture The Toltec civilization dominated Central Mexico from its capital city of Tula from about 900 to 1150 A.D.. The Toltecs were a warrior culture, who dominated their neighbors militarily and demanded tribute. Their gods included Quetzalcoatl, Tezcatlipoca, and Tlaloc. Toltec artisans were skilled builders, potters, and stonemasons and they left behind an impressive artistic legacy.    Motifs in Toltec Art The Toltecs were a warrior culture with dark, ruthless gods who demanded conquest and sacrifice. Their art reflected this: there are many depictions of gods, warriors, and priests in Toltec art. A partially destroyed relief at Building 4 depicts a procession leading towards a man dressed as a feathered serpent, most likely a priest of Quetzalcoatl. The most iconic piece of surviving Toltec art, the four massive Atalante statues at Tula, depict fully-armored warriors with traditional weapons and armor, including the atltl dart-thrower. The Looting of the Toltec Unfortunately, much Toltec art has been lost. Comparatively, much art from the Maya and Aztec cultures survives to this day, and even the monumental heads and other sculptures of the ancient Olmec can still be appreciated. Any Toltec written records, similar to the Aztec, Mixtec and Maya codices, have been lost to time or burned by zealous Spanish priests. In about 1150 A.D., the mighty Toltec city of Tula was destroyed by invaders of unknown origin, and many murals and finer pieces of art were destroyed. The Aztecs held the Toltecs in high regard, and periodically raided the ruins of Tula to carry off stone carvings and other pieces to be used elsewhere. Finally, looters from the colonial period to the modern day have stolen priceless works for sale on the black market. In spite of this persistent cultural destruction, enough examples of Toltec art remain to attest to their artistic mastery. Toltec Architecture The great culture that immediately preceded the Toltec in Central Mexico was that of the mighty city of Teotihuacn. After the fall of the great city in about 750 A.D., many of the descendants of the Teotihuacanos participated in the founding of Tula and the Toltec civilization. Therefore, it is no surprise that the Toltecs borrowed heavily from Teotihuacan architecturally. The main square is laid out in a similar pattern, and Pyramid C at Tula, the most important one, has the same orientation as the ones at Teotihuacn, which is to say a 17 ° deviation towards the east. Toltec pyramids and palaces were impressive buildings, with colorfully painted relief sculptures adorning the fringes and mighty statues holding up the roofs. Toltec Pottery Thousands of pieces of pottery, some intact but mostly broken, have been found at Tula. Some of these pieces were made in far distant lands and brought there through trade or tribute, but there is evidence that Tula had its own pottery industry. The later Aztecs thought highly of their skills, claiming that Toltec artisans taught the clay to lie. The Toltecs produced Mazapan-type pottery for internal use and export: other types discovered at Tula, including Plumbate and Papagayo Polychrome, were produced elsewhere and arrived at Tula through trade or tribute. The Toltec potters produced a variety of items, including pieces with remarkable faces. Toltec Sculpture Of all of the surviving pieces of Toltec art, the sculptures and stone carvings have best survived the test of time. In spite of repeated looting, Tula is rich in statues and art preserved in stone. Atalantes: perhaps the best-known surviving piece of Toltec art are the four Atalantes, or stone statues, which grace the top of Pyramid B at Tula. These tall human statues represent high-ranking Toltec warriors.   Ã‚  Ã‚  Chac Mool: Seven complete or partial Chac Mool style statues were found at Tula. These sculptures, depicting a reclining man holding a receptacle, were used for sacrifices, including human sacrifices. Chac Mools are associated with the cult of Tlaloc.Relief and Friezes: The Toltec were great artists when it came to reliefs and friezes. One excellent surviving example is the Coatepantli, or Wall of Serpents of Tula. The elaborate wall, which delineated the sacred precinct of the city, is richly decorated with geometric designs and carved images of snakes devouring human skeletons. Other reliefs and friezes include the partial frieze from building 4 at Tula, which once depicted a procession towards a man dressed as a plumed serpent, probably a priest of Quetzalcoat l. Sources Charles River Editors. The History and Culture of the Toltec. Lexington: Charles River Editors, 2014.Cobean, Robert H., Elizabeth Jimà ©nez Garcà ­a and Alba Guadalupe Mastache. Tula. Mexico: Fondo de Cultura Economica, 2012.Coe, Michael D and Rex Koontz. 6th Edition. New York: Thames and Hudson, 2008Davies, Nigel. The Toltecs: Until the Fall of Tula. Norman: the University of Oklahoma Press, 1987.Gamboa Cabezas, Luis Manuel. El Palacio Quemado, Tula: Seis Decadas de Investigaciones. Arqueologia Mexicana XV-85 (May-June 2007). 43-47

Interactive and E-Marketing Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 4000 words

Interactive and E-Marketing - Essay Example The researcher of this essay focuses on the creation of a proposal that is aimed to launch an online company selling high quality headphones delivering all around the world. The company needs to provide the product through the websites that is interactive. E-business, which is discussed in the essay, is a business which allows the customers to sell trade and barter over the Web. The researcher also duggests the company’s policy, operations, technology and ideology that defines it's business model. B2C is a company based in Dubai. The products that are sold by this firm include headphones, woofers and speakers. Despite the fact that the company has been operating well, the researcher suggests that the trends and changes in the market of B2C company has called for changes. The fundamentals to the proposals success is the development of Four issues that the researcher describe and aims to achieve: attracting 200000 customers per month, converting 2000 of the 200000 of monthly vis itors into paying customers, ensure high levels of satisfaction and loyalty and securing financial funding enough to endorse a celebrity advertising as it is aimed at young people. These key proposals mentioned are highly dependent on securing a substantial budget justifying the proposal in commercial terms. The researcher then presents the establishment of the marketing plan of the B2C company, creates models for it's website and provides the detailed analysis of problems that may occure and compares the strengths and weaknesses of the suggested plan. Site design brief The design of the website will be done using the latest technologies that will enable it to advertise the services that are involved. Site architecture The site is organized in a way that there is a common entry point which is the home page. This makes it easy for the clients to identify the location they are in immediately they visit the web site. The three branches thatare the web services, online marketing and complain are the major services that the company offers. From the home page, the client can easily navigate to these sites with ease. In any of the said pages, one can encounter problems or may need to pay for that particular service; the third level therefore allows this ability of the web site (Baker, 1990). KEY COMPETITORS There two companies that sells the same product online and are our key competitors. These are Drebeats and Dennheiser. BUSINESS MODEL (STRATEGY) The company will adopt various strategies/models so that they are competitive in the marke t. This section will look at the various models that can be used. A business model is a method that is adopted by a business in order to sustain its activities. This is a model that will enable a business to get revenue. The Internet commerce is the most complex business that is hard to know the way money/revenue is made. 1 Merchant model / e-tailor model The site will provide visitors with arrange of headphones. Such a model is underpinned by generating a high level of traffic to the site and a high level of conversions. The types of merchant model can be in form of e-tailer which is an independent entity operating online or click and mortar which present a replica of traditional brick and mortar storefront (ler, & Swanson, 2004). 2 advertising model Revenue will be generated by selling space on site pages. Such space will be in demand by advertiser based on the content of the page which will be relevant information and article’s for the target market http://insight.think-tr ain.com/?p=22 Informediary The information concerning customers and their way of consumption are gathered and analysed to formulate market target. The BCB business will enter into an agreement with firms that act as infomediaries so that the buyers of the headphones will be assisted by the firm to know more about the product. Such firms can be offering other services. For example emails or social site gives space where the business premises who want to advertise will put their advert banner. This ad network always gathers information about the customers that can be used by the sellers to maximize market strategy. Another strategy is incentive marketing where a system is put in place to track the customer loyalty and reward them for example giving them gift of point that can be redeemed after some time (Sullivan & Liu 2011). AFFILIATES The model filters the content of the web page and gives the customer information on specific task for example the buying